Black History Month Archives | Faculty of Education /edu/category/black-history-month/ Reinventing education for a diverse, complex world. Tue, 07 Apr 2026 19:13:00 +0000 en-CA hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9.4 /edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/28/2020/07/favicon.png Black History Month Archives | Faculty of Education /edu/category/black-history-month/ 32 32 91亚色 U scholar supports national study advancing Black health /edu/2026/02/26/york-u-scholar-supports-national-study-advancing-black-health/ Thu, 26 Feb 2026 14:35:30 +0000 /edu/?p=46458 Carl E. James, the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora in 91亚色鈥檚 Faculty of Education, brings his expertise to a four-year Genome Canada research project focused on Canada鈥檚 Black population.

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Edited by Ashley Goodfellow Craig February 25, 2026

Black female nurse holding the hand of a black patient

Carl E. James, the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora in 91亚色鈥檚 Faculty of Education, brings his expertise to a four-year Genome Canada research project focused on Canada鈥檚 Black population.

Genomic Evidence for Precision Medicine for Selected Chronic Diseases Among Black Peoples in Canada 鈥 developed through collaboration with the Centre for Applied Genomics, at SickKids Hospital and McGill Genome Centre 鈥 is an effort to sequence the genomes of 10,000 Black Canadians to ensure equitable health care for an often-understudied population.

By sequencing the nucleotides that make up the participants鈥 DNA and RNA, researchers will gain a better understanding of how diseases affect Canada鈥檚 Black population and develop better precision medicines to target their conditions.

Carl James
Carl James

鈥淲e need to encourage these approaches for research, since medical studies often miss the racial diversity of health care recipients,鈥 says James, a renowned sociologist with a research focus on race and ethnic relations. 鈥淚n fact, we need to understand differences in all populations.鈥

The study is led by four prominent medical researchers: Upton Allen, division head at SickKids Hospital鈥檚 Infectious Diseases and professor at the University of Toronto; Loydie Jerome-Majewska, McGill University Department of Pediatrics professor and co-founder/program lead for the Canadian Black Scientists鈥 Network (CSBN); Juliet Daniel, McMaster University cell biologist and cancer researcher; and OmiSoore Dryden, professor in the Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University.

Read the full article in the February 25, 2026 issue of Yfile

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91亚色 researcher highlights power of Black matriarchal storytelling /edu/2026/02/09/york-researcher-highlights-power-of-black-matriarchal-storytelling/ Mon, 09 Feb 2026 14:45:50 +0000 /edu/?p=46117 Inspired by her grandmother and grandaunts, who came to Canada from Jamaica in the 1960s with limited access to educational opportunities, Fearon鈥檚 research studies how Black mothers use storytelling in community-based literacy programs.鈥

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Black mother smiling and having a conversation with her black 6 year old son

Growing up in Scarborough, Stephanie Fearon was raised in a community with a rich tradition of Black matriarchal storytelling.

Through oration, folk tales, music, dance and even cooking, mothers have continued to impart cultural knowledge across generations.

Stephanie Fearon

It鈥檚 no surprise then, that as the inaugural assistant professor of Black thriving and education at 91亚色, Fearon wanted to explore the ways Black mothers come together with their children to cultivate leadership and literacy skills within education systems and beyond.

Inspired by her grandmother and grandaunts, who came to Canada from Jamaica in the 1960s with limited access to educational opportunities, Fearon鈥檚 research studies how Black mothers use storytelling in community-based literacy programs.鈥

With an understanding of the barriers these women face in academic research spaces, Fearon was careful to develop a collaborative approach where Black mothers feel valued.

鈥淭hey鈥檝e complained, lamented, about the extractive nature of the research process,鈥 she says. 鈥淎nd when we look at the histories and the current relationships between researchers in academia and Black communities, it's not positive.鈥

Fearon centres Black mothers as partners in the research process, grounding her work in respect and co-creation. To honour the cultural significance of storytelling, she uses an arts-informed approach that allows her to reimagine educational research as collaborative and cultural.

Read the full article in the February 6, 2026 issue of Yfile

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A Path Toward Change: Understanding Youth Success Beyond the Classroom /edu/2026/02/09/a-path-toward-change-understanding-youth-success-beyond-the-classroom/ Mon, 09 Feb 2026 14:29:59 +0000 /edu/?p=46111 Carl James holds the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora in the Faculty of Education and Distinguished Research Professor at 91亚色. His work focuses on how social systems shape the educational experiences and outcomes of Black and other racialized youth 鈥 and how those systems can be transformed.

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A Spotlight on Carl James (FRSC) for Black History Month February 2026
91亚色 Professor and Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community & Diaspora, Carl James

Carl James holds the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora in the Faculty of Education and Distinguished Research Professor at 91亚色. His work focuses on how social systems shape the educational experiences and outcomes of Black and other racialized youth 鈥 and how those systems can be transformed. Through research, advocacy, public scholarship, and policy advising, he works in close collaboration with his community to advance more equitable education systems designed for all students to succeed.

Seeing youth success beyond the classroom

In his first summer after entering university, Carl began working as a youth worker in downtown Toronto, where he saw firsthand how young people鈥檚 lives beyond school 鈥 family responsibilities, housing conditions, and economic realities 鈥 shaped their educational paths and future opportunities.

He initially turned to social psychology to understand what motivates students, particularly Black students, to succeed. Over time, however, he realized that success could not be understood in isolation. Family, community, and the school system itself play a critical role in shaping outcomes. This realization led him to sociology 鈥 a discipline that allowed him to keep community at the centre of his work.

One early interaction continues to shape his approach. A fellow student once challenged him by asking, 鈥淲hat is sociology actually going to do for us?鈥 That question sharpened Carl鈥檚 commitment to ensuring that research does more than describe inequity 鈥 it helps to change it.

Rather than placing responsibility solely on students to 鈥渨ork harder,鈥 Carl argues that meaningful equity requires society to work harder 鈥 by addressing the structural barriers that limit opportunities outside of the classroom.

COVID-19 as a lens on inequity

In 2021, Carl became Co-Chair of the . The role built on his long-standing research into education and inequity and offered a stark reminder of how crises expose and deepen existing disparities.

His findings were clear. Black and other racialized students were disproportionately affected by the pandemic 鈥 not because of individual choices, but because of the social and economic conditions shaping their lives.

Many lived in high-density housing, relied on public transportation, and had parents working in frontline jobs that could not move online. These realities increased exposure to the virus while reinforcing harmful narratives that framed racialized communities as inherently 鈥渉igh-risk,鈥 rather than structurally vulnerable.

School closures further strained families. Parents were suddenly expected to support learning at home while juggling work, caregiving responsibilities, and financial stress. The loss of school-based food programs increased food insecurity, while limited access to computers and reliable internet left some students disconnected from school altogether 鈥 raising the risk of disengagement and dropout.

At the postsecondary level, the effects carried forward. Many students entered university already feeling behind. Remote learning limited opportunities to build relationships, access support, and develop a sense of belonging. Some delayed or withdrew from their studies entirely, compounding financial pressures on themselves and their families.

As Carl emphasizes, COVID-19 revealed how racism intersects with class, language, gender, and immigration status 鈥 and how the consequences of disruption extend well beyond the height of the pandemic.

鈥淐OVID-19 highlighted that racism is not just simply racism.鈥

The inequalities shaping the lives of Black and other racialized youth existed long before the pandemic. COVID-19 simply made them more visible 鈥 and more severe.

When recommendations meet resistant systems

As part of the task force, Carl authored Racial Inequity, COVID-19 and the Education of Black and Other Marginalized Students, which outlines nine recommendations for addressing educational inequities. These include reforming education policy, strengthening partnerships between schools and community organizations, engaging parents without shifting teaching responsibilities onto them, improving curriculum accessibility, collecting and using data to advance equity, and better preparing educators to support student well-being.

Yet Carl is realistic about the limits of recommendations when systems themselves resist change.

鈥淲e can always make recommendations, but if the system is not ready for that big change 鈥 if those systemic issues are not dealt with 鈥 then the recommendations become just simply that: recommendations.鈥

Although COVID-19 has faded from everyday conversation, its effects continue to shape students鈥 educational and career paths. As Carl notes, we must continue to take into account the long-term impacts of the pandemic and the ongoing role of racism in shaping young people鈥檚 trajectories.

Black History Month 鈥 and the importance of systems

For Carl, Black History Month is not only about commemoration 鈥 it is an opportunity to examine the systems that shape present-day realities. He emphasizes the importance of understanding Canada鈥檚 racial history, including colonialism, the experiences of Indigenous peoples, and the fact that Black people are not recent immigrants, but were originally brought to Canada through enslavement, not immigration.

These histories are not peripheral. They are central to understanding how race operates in Canadian institutions today, including schools.

鈥淲e need to think of the social, political, and cultural situation of Black people beyond just a month 鈥 and beyond just Black people. If we鈥檙e thinking of Black people, we should also be thinking of other racialized groups, and how race operates more widely in our society.鈥

Professor and Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community & Diaspora Carl James

A path toward change

When asked to describe his work in one word, Carl offers two 鈥 change and path. Change speaks to the possibility of transformation. Path speaks to movement 鈥 how people navigate shifting conditions that shape opportunities, risks, and possibilities over time.

鈥淧eople are constantly moving and travelling. You can be travelling along a path, but the weather might change 鈥 it might be icy and 鈥10 degrees, or it might be sunny and warm. What matters is that we pay attention to these changes and adapt as we continue to walk our paths.鈥

Carl鈥檚 work makes one thing clear 鈥 to understand the path, we must understand the systems that shape it. And for real change to occur, those systems must be ready to change as well.

鈥淗ow we deal with change is important 鈥 but so is paying attention to the context of that change.鈥

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TTC mural honours Professor Carl James /edu/2024/04/03/ttc-mural-honours-professor-carl-james/ Wed, 03 Apr 2024 13:55:42 +0000 /edu/?p=39547 The Toronto Transit Commission鈥檚 (TTC鈥檚) subway system recently became the canvas for a new mural honouring 91亚色 Distinguished Research Professor Carl James and his impact on community and racial equity.

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TTC mural featuring a captivating portrait of Professor James adorned with textbook pages, symbolizing knowledge, literature and the power of education

The Toronto Transit Commission鈥檚 (TTC鈥檚) subway system recently became the canvas for a new mural honouring 91亚色 Distinguished Research Professor Carl James and his impact on community and racial equity.

The mural 鈥 which features an evocative portrait of James 鈥 can be viewed at the 91亚色 TTC subway station, as well as a bus wrap that鈥檚 emblazoned on a TTC vehicle deployed from the Queensway Garage, and at various subway stops across the city. It pays tribute to Professor James鈥 impactful contributions to education, community and racial equity.

Mya Salau, a third-year student at the University of Toronto Scarborough, was commissioned for the project by AstroSankofa Arts Initiatives, a Canadian organization that describes itself as committed to supporting Black and Indigenous emerging artists in public art and Web3 activities.

Salau鈥檚 inspiration for the mural stemmed from her desire to capture the essence of James鈥 teachings and accomplishments. To create the image, she used acrylic paint on canvas, then had the painting digitized to be displayed on TTC buses and murals. She also incorporated various visual elements to reflect his dedication to educational equality, youth studies, and race and ethnic relations.

鈥淚 wanted the artwork to not only celebrate Professor James, but also to serve as a reminder of his profound impact on our community,鈥 Salau explained. 鈥淭hrough this mural, I hope to convey the essence of his teachings and inspire others to continue his legacy of advocacy and social change.鈥

The mural features a captivating portrait of Professor James adorned with textbook pages, symbolizing knowledge, literature and the power of education. 鈥淚 also added a futuristic eye lens,鈥 Salau said, 鈥渁s a lot of his work advocates for future change and improving systems in Canadian society.鈥

The mural 鈥 which features an evocative portrait of James 鈥 can be viewed at the 91亚色 TTC subway station, as well as a bus wrap that鈥檚 emblazoned on a TTC vehicle deployed from the Queensway Garage, and at various subway stops across the city. It pays tribute to Professor James鈥 impactful contributions to education, community and racial equity.

Mya Salau, a third-year student at the University of Toronto Scarborough, was commissioned for the project by AstroSankofa Arts Initiatives, a Canadian organization that describes itself as committed to supporting Black and Indigenous emerging artists in public art and Web3 activities.

Salau鈥檚 inspiration for the mural stemmed from her desire to capture the essence of James鈥 teachings and accomplishments. To create the image, she used acrylic paint on canvas, then had the painting digitized to be displayed on TTC buses and murals. She also incorporated various visual elements to reflect his dedication to educational equality, youth studies, and race and ethnic relations.

鈥淚 wanted the artwork to not only celebrate Professor James, but also to serve as a reminder of his profound impact on our community,鈥 Salau explained. 鈥淭hrough this mural, I hope to convey the essence of his teachings and inspire others to continue his legacy of advocacy and social change.鈥

The mural features a captivating portrait of Professor James adorned with textbook pages, symbolizing knowledge, literature and the power of education. 鈥淚 also added a futuristic eye lens,鈥 Salau said, 鈥渁s a lot of his work advocates for future change and improving systems in Canadian society.鈥

James worked closely with Salau as she shaped the mural over various iterations. 鈥淚 very much appreciate that Mya was able to share an early version of the painting, and use my comments to develop the final version,鈥 he says. 鈥淗er efforts to represent me and my scholarship in the painting reflects her reading of my work.鈥

Photo of the Carl James mural at 91亚色 subway station
The Carl James mural at 91亚色 subway station. (Photo credit: .)

That work, in a nutshell, is about addressing systemic inequalities in Canadian education and society.

From his early days as a community organizer to his current role as the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora at 91亚色, James has provided research on race, education and immigration that sheds light on the challenges faced by Black students in the Greater Toronto Area. His investigations have catalyzed significant policy changes, including the end of academic and applied streaming for Grade 9 students in Ontario.

鈥淚t is not about research for research鈥檚 sake, but to inform action,鈥 James said in a recently published interview.

鈥淐ommunity is often a central feature for those who have been marginalized, and it is through collaboration and advocacy that we can bring about meaningful change.鈥

That work, in a nutshell, is about addressing systemic inequalities in Canadian education and society.

From his early days as a community organizer to his current role as the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora at 91亚色, James has provided research on race, education and immigration that sheds light on the challenges faced by Black students in the Greater Toronto Area. His investigations have catalyzed significant policy changes, including the end of academic and applied streaming for Grade 9 students in Ontario.

鈥淚t is not about research for research鈥檚 sake, but to inform action,鈥 James said in a recently published interview.

鈥淐ommunity is often a central feature for those who have been marginalized, and it is through collaboration and advocacy that we can bring about meaningful change.鈥

The unveiling of the mural on Feb. 24 coincided with Black History Month, a time to celebrate the rich contributions of Black Canadians to society. Alongside other honourees, James was recognized during a TTC subway tour honouring Black Torontonians, showcasing their enduring legacies and contributions to the city.

Article originally published in the April 2, 2024 issue of

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In the media: Black History Month mural campaign unveiled on the TTC /edu/2024/02/28/in-the-media-black-history-month-mural-campaign-unveiled-on-the-ttc/ Wed, 28 Feb 2024 14:39:59 +0000 /edu/?p=39262 Report on the聽series of 11 murals (including one of Dr. Carl James at the 91亚色 subway) honouring Black Torontonians who have had a positive impact on the City.

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Art by: @Myas.Art
Designed and curated by: AstroSankofa Arts Initiatives

Report on the series of 11 murals honouring Black Torontonians who have had a positive impact on the City. The murals were unveiled on Saturday as part of a Subway tour from 91亚色 to Union Station. Carl James, a Distinguished Research Professor of Education and Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community, and Diaspora at 91亚色, comments on the project. James says it's a way African Canadians can educate Torontonians and the rest of the world about the Black presence in Canada.

For more information on each of the 11 remarkable individuals being honoured, visit the .

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Becoming Professor Carl James /edu/2024/02/26/becoming-professor-carl-james/ Mon, 26 Feb 2024 13:55:00 +0000 /edu/?p=39217 Now a prominent academic, 91亚色's Faculty of Education Jean Augustine Chair reflects on experiences of Black community in 1970s Toronto

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Professor Carl James standing in the lobby at the TIFF Lighbox with large mural images reflecting Black History in Toronto displayed on the walls of the lobby
Professor Carl James in the lobby of the TIFF Lightbox

Now a prominent academic, 91亚色's Faculty of Education Jean Augustine Chair reflects on experiences of Black community in 1970s Toronto

It was at the now-closed Brockton High School near the new Dufferin Mall on what was then called Awde Street, where a young Carl James met with other community organizers on a September Saturday. That morning they launched the Caribbean Alliance Council (CAC) and that evening they celebrated with dinner and dance at the Soul Palace Restaurant, just north of what is now Sankofa Square.

Like other Black immigrants of his generation from Antigua, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Trinidad and Tobago and other Caribbean islands, James came to Canada in the post-1967 period after the state had removed race-based immigration restrictions.

While pursuing his education, James engaged in youth work, volunteering with organizations such as the Black Education Project. Located just north of Davenport on Bathurst, James describes the organization as 鈥渃entral鈥 to the education experiences of Black parents and students at the time. He also worked with Harriet Tubman Centre at St. Clair and Oakwood, which still operates today as the Harriet Tubman Community Centre close to Don Mills subway.

A young Carl James, pictured with a student outside Central Tech school at Bloor and Bathurst.
A young Carl James, pictured with a student outside Central Tech school at Bloor and Bathurst.

鈥淚 was at the time going through school, volunteering and working with the other volunteers 鈥 an adolescent working with younger Black adolescents,鈥 recalls James. 鈥淚 came to the work that I do through working on issues of Black life. The situation that I was observing and trying to understand with regard to Black youth informed my work.鈥

Later, he worked in Regent Park, a neighbourhood located in Toronto鈥檚 east downtown that鈥檚 now a mix of condominiums and social housing. Back then it was exclusively a public housing project 鈥 Canada鈥檚 first and largest. Many of the youth with whom James worked saw their participation in sports as the key to their future success and were not often going into academic areas because of streaming practices in their schools. 

This inspired his early research at 91亚色. Today, James is a prominent academic who has dedicated his career to studying some of the very issues he first observed and experienced four decades earlier.

鈥淚'd been noticing that the education and schooling system had not been as helpful in educating or schooling Black immigrant students as we would have expected,鈥 recalls James. 鈥淭hat happens today; and happened then. So, I'm very interested in, well, 鈥楬ow can this change? If over and over again, we keep finding and seeing the same thing, what have we not been doing to change the situation?鈥欌

In addition to being a professor in 91亚色鈥檚 Faculty of Education and an author of many books on race, education and immigration, James currently serves as the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora.

His 2017 report highlighted the systemic racism Black students face in GTA schools. This work helped to bring about an end to academic and applied streaming for Grade 9 students in Ontario, a decision that was announced in 2020.

Current include community outreach, such as the Day at 91亚色 programming that helps Black high-school students see themselves in post-secondary, the Jean Augustine Mentorship program that pairs Black students at 91亚色 with those entering the university, and Word, Sound, Power, a free annual event that takes place during Black History Month with dance, music and spoken word performances. It also includes partnerships with Black researchers across Canada that will serve to create better data on race and education, and collaborations with health science researchers looking at the health conditions and needs of Black individuals.

James is also a frequent figure in the media, commenting on recent news headlines from the renaming of Dundas Square, to new rules banning the N-word from use in the Toronto District School Board system, diversity in the city鈥檚 emergency services, and the provincial government mandating Black history in the Ontario curriculum.

However, it is not about him, James insists, nor the research, but working in the interest of community and using advocacy work to address and bring about the wider changes needed.

鈥淚t is not about research for research鈥檚 sake, but to inform action,鈥 says James. 鈥淐ommunity is often a central feature for those who have been marginalized. Of course, I think you can鈥檛 think of someone independent of their communities. And I'm thinking of communities not only in geographic terms, but as ethnic communities, gendered communities, class communities, and how all these might be operating in individuals鈥 lives.鈥

I'd been noticing that the education and schooling system had not been as helpful in educating or schooling Black immigrant students as we would have expected. That happens today; and happened then."

Professor Carl James, commenting on his early experiences working with youth in Regent Park

James adds that community is often a central construct of how Black youth imagine their future lives.

鈥淵ou might find them highly represented in social services, social sciences, and education because they are 鈥榞iving back鈥 to community,鈥 he says. 鈥淭hey feel an obligation to respond to the needs of the community that has supported them. So, it's understandable that Jean would think that community is central to the work that鈥檚 been done through the Chair and for the Chair to engage community.

鈥淓ssentially, the idea is for us to work with community, and invite them to do the needed education work together.鈥

One of his current research projects looks at how individuals鈥 social capital 鈦犫撯仩 racialized individuals in particular 鈦犫撯仩 mediates access to employment, careers and occupational mobility once they land a job. Like much of James鈥檚 other work, the study follows research participants over a number of years, with a particular focus on periods of transition.

鈥淚'm very interested in the differences between transitioning through high school to college and/or university, or from university to college, and to work,鈥 says James. 鈥淎ll those permutations are very useful to look into in order to capture the ways in which young people are navigating life and negotiating the world around them.鈥

Woman taking picture with her cell phone of original artwork of Carl James displayed at the 91亚色 subway station TTC with original artwork that can be can be seen at 91亚色 subway station.
Carl James is being celebrated by the TTC with original artwork that can be can be seen at 91亚色 subway station, a wrap on a bus deployed from the Queensway Garage and on subways across the city.

The Chairship is of course named after Jean Augustine, Canada鈥檚 first Black woman Member of Parliament, who made the motion that was unanimously passed in the House of Commons in 1995 for Black History Month to be officially recognized in Canada. She later established the Chair in her name at 91亚色. James became the second Chair after the role was restructured and reimagined from the original framing of 鈥楨ducation in the New Urban Environment,鈥 which was held by . Thanks to a combination of a $1.5 million gift from the federal government and grassroots funding, the Chair is now fully endowed. (Her actual, physical chair, that she once sat in as an MP, now sits in the Dean鈥檚 Office at the Faculty of Education). 

James鈥 initial connections with Augustine go back to his early years in Toronto and their mutual involvement in community organizations such as the CAC.

Some documentation of this can be found in the Jean Augustine collection hosted through the at 91亚色鈥檚 Scott Library, such as a letter regarding the founding meeting, written and signed off by James on behalf of Augustine, then the secretary of the CAC. At that meeting, James asked the group about working with high school students and recommended a summer research project looking into the experiences of immigrant children from local communities.

James is being celebrated in two pieces of art this Black History Month 鈥 one by 91亚色 alumni Robert Small as part of the Legacy Collection, and the other by Mya Salau as part of this year鈥檚 Toronto Transit Commission鈥檚 (TTC) Black History Month campaign, Salau鈥檚 mural can be seen on an oversized mural at the 91亚色 TTC subway station, a wrap on Bus #3349 that operates on various lines deployed from the Queensway Garage, and on subways across the city.

A lot has transpired in the decades since James began his work, but it was in those early experiences with Black communities in Toronto that set him on his life path.

鈥淚 always say, suppose I never worked with those downtown youth. Would I have been able to think of the questions I have today?鈥 he reflects. 鈥淪uppose they never answered my questions, or even sat with me for half an hour to share their experiences.

鈥淪o, while I look earnestly at the people who have worked with me, and given me mentorship, I have to also remember the research participants or even those who just simply entertained my conversations and my questions to think through more of what I might want to eventually contribute to life.鈥

Join James, mural artists, other honourees and their family members and youth from the TDSB this Saturday, Feb. 24 at 10 a.m. at 91亚色 subway station for the kickoff of a TTC . The tour will then make five more stops down the line and end at Union Station. James is not the only member of the 91亚色 community to be celebrated by the TTC as part of Black History Month. Honorary Doctor of Laws degree recipient Itah Sadu, who is helping to organize Saturday鈥檚 event, is featured in a mural at Bathurst station.

Jean Augustine's story teaches us about Canada's domestic workers鈥 scheme

Cover page of a document entitled "Advice to West Indian Women Recruited for Work in Canada as Household Helps" which is the first item in the Jean Augustine archive collection held by 91亚色.
Advice to West Indian Women Recruited for Work in Canada as Household Helps is the first item in the Jean Augustine archive collection held by 91亚色.

Augustine had come to Canada as a domestic worker from Grenada during a time of political upheaval in her home country, with Grenada achieving independence in 1974. These early days are documented in the hosted through the Clara Thomas Archives at 91亚色鈥檚 Scott Library located at Keele Campus.

The first item in the archive is a pamphlet entitled Advice to West Indian Women Recruited for Work in Canada as Household Helps. A lot of the space in the pamphlet is devoted to advice on what behaviour is expected: Be truthful, courteous and polite at all times in your dealings with your employer and their children; unmarried women who get pregnant in their first year could be deported and may never be able to return.

鈥淭he women who have been sent to Canada in previous years have not let down West Indian womanhood and it is confidently expected that you will do the same,鈥 a passage reads.

The pamphlet also contains practical advice on life in Canada: While it is easy to get credit, it is also easy to get in trouble with it if you can鈥檛 keep up with payments; bring warm clothes, but no more than is needed as it will be cheaper to purchase winter clothes after you arrive; if your lips get chapped, try Vaseline or Camphor Ice.

There are warnings of 鈥渦seless correspondence courses,鈥 especially in nursing, that will take large sums of money, but won鈥檛 be of any use either in Canada or back home.

Canada needed more immigrants in the post WWII period when Europeans were staying home, and it was in that context that the Canadian government allowed workers from certain territories in the West Indies entry to Canada beginning in 1955, and the total lifting of race-based immigration restrictions in 1967. Caribbean domestics came to Canada to take care of other people鈥檚 children so those people could go to work, explains James. And people like Augustine who were teachers back home, not only provided domestic duties, but also the socialization of Canadian children.

鈥淏eyond simply thinking of Jean coming here and becoming a Parliamentarian, what does Jean's story also tell us about Canada? To me, it's a big or national story,鈥 reflects James.

鈥淗er story represents Canada鈥檚 relationship with the Caribbean, and Caribbean women鈥檚, and people鈥檚 contributions to the social, cultural, economic and political development of Canada. Her story is important; and there are many things we can learn from it.鈥

Members of the 91亚色 community and public can access the Jean Augustine collection by appointment by contacting the Clara Thomas Archives and Special Collections at archives@yorku.ca.

This story was republished with permission from News at 91亚色

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91亚色 community celebrates Black artistic talent at annual Word, Sound, Power event /edu/2024/02/15/york-community-celebrates-black-artistic-talent-at-annual-word-sound-power-event/ Thu, 15 Feb 2024 12:24:35 +0000 /edu/?p=39110 Members of the 91亚色 community celebrated Black artistic talent during a showcase of performances on Feb. 7 at the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora鈥檚 annual Black History Month event, Word, Sound, Power: An Annual Celebration of Black Artistic Expression. The event celebrated the rich and diverse world of Black artistic expression and was a vibrant showcase of talent, creativity and cultural pride. […]

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Members of the 91亚色 community celebrated Black artistic talent during a showcase of performances on Feb. 7 at the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora鈥檚 annual Black History Month event, Word, Sound, Power: An Annual Celebration of Black Artistic Expression.

The event celebrated the rich and diverse world of Black artistic expression and was a vibrant showcase of talent, creativity and cultural pride.

This year鈥檚 featured performances included:

  • solo performances, including song and instruments, dance and spoken word, from students from Greater Toronto Area school boards;
  • a performance from the Oscar Peterson Jazz Ensemble;
  • a performance from the 91亚色 R&B Ensemble;
  • a spotlight artistic performance of the evening from Ian Kamau, an artist and designer;
  • a performance from the 91亚色 Gospel Choir; and
  • an Afro-Caribbean dance performance by students from James Cardinal McGuigan Catholic High School in the CIBC Lobby during the welcome reception.

This year鈥檚 Word, Sound, Power event was put on in partnership with 91亚色鈥檚 School of the Arts, Media, Performance & Design and the Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies, with primary sponsorship from Unifor. 91亚色鈥檚 Division of Equity, People & Culture also provided funding support.

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Annual Jean Augustine Chair event shines spotlight on Black artists /edu/2024/02/06/annual-jean-augustine-chair-event-shines-spotlight-on-black-artists/ Tue, 06 Feb 2024 15:14:33 +0000 /edu/?p=39018 Members of the 91亚色 community are invited to celebrate Black artistic talent during a showcase of performances on Feb. 7, from 5:30 to 8:30 p.m., when the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora presents Word, Sound, Power: An Annual Celebration of Black Artistic Expression.

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Dancer Coco Murray and 3 drummers performing at last year's (2022) Word, Sound, Power Black History Month event at 91亚色

Members of the 91亚色 community are invited to celebrate Black artistic talent during a showcase of performances on Feb. 7, from 5:30 to 8:30 p.m., when the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora presents Word, Sound, Power: An Annual Celebration of Black Artistic Expression.

The annual event celebrates the rich and diverse world of Black aritistic expression, promising to be a vibrant showcase of talent, creativity and cultural pride.

Pictured left to right: Carrington Christmas and Isaac Crosby
Carrington Christmas and Isaac Crosby

The event is open to the community and is free to attend. It begins at 5:30 p.m. with a welcome reception in the CIBC Lobby, Accolade East Building at the Keele Campus, and performances will run from 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. in the Tribute communities Recital Hall, Accolade East Building.

The event鈥檚 land acknowledgement will be provided by Carrington Christmas, a 91亚色 alumna, who is an Indigenous anti-racist educator and self-described 鈥淎unty Extraordinaire鈥 with Black Scotian-Mi鈥檏maw and German ancestry.

Andrea Davis
Andrea Davis

The ceremony will then be closed with an Afro-Indigenous blessing from Isaac Crosby, an agricultural expert of Ojibwe of Anderdon heritage.

Hosting and providing opening remarks will be Andrea Davis, a professor in the Department of Humanities, who in recognition of her work advancing equity, access and justice in post-secondary education.

Also providing remarks before the performances begin will be Jean Augustine, the first Black woman elected to the Parliament of Canada; Samia Hashi, Ontario regional director of Unifor, which sponsors the event; and Robert Savage, dean of the Faculty of Education.

Among the featured performances this year are:

  • solo performances, including song and instruments, dance and spoken word, from students from Greater Toronto Area school boards;
  • a performance from the Oscar Peterson Jazz Ensemble;
  • a performance from the 91亚色 R&B Ensemble;
  • a spotlight artistic performance of the evening from Ian Kamau, an artist and designer;
  • a performance from the 91亚色 Gospel Choir; and
  • an Afro-Caribbean dance performance by students from James Cardinal McGuigan Catholic High School in the CIBC Lobby during the welcome reception.
Pictured left to right: Anika Forde and Karen Burke
Anika Forde and Karen Burke

This year鈥檚 Word, Sound, Power event is put on in partnership with the School of the Arts, Media, Performance & Design, with primary sponsorship from Unifor. 91亚色鈥檚 Division of Equity, People & Culture has also provided funding support. The Faculty of Education 鈥 home to the Jean Augustine Chair 鈥 and the Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies, through faculty member Davis, also play a critical role in the event.

Anika Forde, research project manager for the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community & Diaspora, and Karen Burke, Chair of Music, were co-conveners of the event this year.

Those interested in attending can .

Article originally posted in the February 2, 2024 issue of

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Black excellence centre stage at Word, Sound, Power celebration /edu/2023/02/13/black-excellence-centre-stage-at-word-sound-power-celebration/ Mon, 13 Feb 2023 21:15:44 +0000 /edu/?p=34513 Black artistic talent was centre stage during a showcase of performances on Feb. 8 when the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora presented聽Word, Sound, Power: An annual celebration of Black Artistic Expression.

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Education alumna Collette Murray and 3 drummers performing at the Word, Sound, Power: A celebration of Black Artistic Expression event

Black artistic talent was centre stage during a showcase of performances on Feb. 8 when the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora presented .

Watch the video below for highlights from the well-attended event.

The Black History Month celebration spotlights Black cultural and artistic expression through performance, which this year featured:

鈥 91亚色 doctoral student with a presentation in drumming and dance;
鈥 Peel District School Board student Marie Pascoe with a spoken word performance;
鈥 a performance by 91亚色鈥檚 Oscar Peterson jazz ensemble;
鈥 a spoken word performance by Canadian poetry slam champion Dwayne Morgan;
鈥 a performance by 91亚色鈥檚 R&B ensemble;
鈥 a performance by spoken word artist Ryan Burke;
鈥 a presentation by the Toronto Gospel Choir; and
鈥 a spoken word presentation by 91亚色 student Ashley Keene.

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Celebrating words, sound and power of Black artists at 91亚色 U event /edu/2022/02/18/celebrating-words-sound-and-power-of-black-artists-at-york-u-event/ Fri, 18 Feb 2022 14:55:40 +0000 /edu/?p=30945 91亚色 will celebrate Black artists with a live broadcast of emotion-evoking and thought-provoking spoken word, R&B and gospel music performances from the Tribute Communities Recital Hall on Feb. 23.

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header image from flyer consisting of title of event: WORD SOUND POWER: An annual celebration of Black Artistic Expression with an abstract image of a curve on a circle with multiple colours in vertical and horizontal lines

91亚色 will celebrate Black artists with a live broadcast of emotion-evoking and thought-provoking spoken word, R&B and gospel music performances from the Tribute Communities Recital Hall on Feb. 23.

Word Sound Power: An Annual Celebration of Black Artistic Expression is hosted by the Jean Augustine Chair in Education, Community and Diaspora, in the Faculty of Education.

Carl James
Carl E. James

鈥淭his annual event during Black History Month is to highlight the contribution of Jean Augustine to ensuring national recognition of African people鈥檚 presence in Canada. It is a great opportunity to showcase 91亚色鈥檚 Black artists and their creativity in music and poetry, while offering a taste of their talents to various audiences,鈥 says Professor Carl James, the and special advisor on equity and representation.        

Featured performances will include the 91亚色 R&B Ensemble and the Oscar Peterson Scholarship Ensemble, directed by Professor , and the 91亚色 Gospel Choir directed by Professor  鈥 both from the Department of Music in the School of the Arts, Media, Performance and Design.

Student spoken word performers from the humanities course 鈥淕riots to Emcees: Examining Culture, Performance & Spoken Word鈥 will also take the stage to showcase African storytelling traditions, to contemporary global evolutions of lyricism and spoken word.

Poet, journalist and educator, El Jones, will be a special speaker 鈥 she is an associate professor of Canadian and Political Science at Mount Saint Vincent University in Halifax, N.S.

Remarks will be offered by Robert Savage, dean, Faculty of Education; humanities Professor, special advisor, Anti-Black Racism Strategy, Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies; and the Jean Augustine, the first Black woman elected to the Parliament of Canada, and champion of the unanimous vote in 1995 that saw February designated as Black History Month.

The event will be streamed live on YouTube from 7 to 9 p.m.


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