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91亚色 experts are available to comment on the upcoming Canadian federal election from party strategies and polling to campaign issues, including immigration, border security and trade relations.

Electoral strategy, polling and voter sentiment

, a professor of political science and Chair of the Department of Politics in the Faculty of Liberal Arts and Professional Studies (LA&PS), is focused on issues of democratization and democratic reform in Western countries. In 2007 he published The Politics of Voting: Reforming Canada鈥檚 Electoral System, in 2009 he co-edited British Columbia Politics and Government, and in 2013 he published Wrestling with Democracy: Voting Systems as Politics in the Twentieth Century West. Pilon has acted as a consultant on election issues for legal firms, political parties, trade unions, community groups, and the Auditor General of Canada. He is a member of the National Advisory Board of Fair Vote Canada, a citizens鈥� group focused on gaining more proportional methods of voting for Canadian elections, and sits on the editorial board of Canadian Dimension magazine.

Pilon is available to comment on:

• election administration
• electoral strategy
• political parties, including party branding and strategies
• voter reactions
• 辫辞濒濒颈苍驳听
• election results from the perspective of voters

Public policy proposals and Canada-U.S. relations

is a professor in the School of Public Policy and Administration in LA&PS. His research interests are public administration and public policy, including bad policy and digital public administration as well as financial services sector policy. He previously worked on anti-money laundering and terrorism financing policy, and foresight in government. He is the co-editor of the forthcoming book at Bristol University Press (April 2025), as well as the recently released .

Roberge is available for interviews in both English and French. He can offer political analysis and comment on:

• federal politics
• federal-provincial relations
• the federal election campaign
• Canada-U.S. relations

National identity and regional tensions in the election

, professor of Canadian Studies at 91亚色鈥檚 Glendon College, is an expert on the history of nationalism in Canada. He received the Governor General's International Award for Canadian Studies from the International Council for Canadian Studies (ICCS) in recognition of his work in the field, as well as a Certificate of Merit from the ICCS. He has researched the trade of dairy products between Canada and the United Kingdom in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when American tariffs restricted Canadian access to southern markets. 

Coates is available for interviews in English and French. He can comment on:

• the role national identity is playing in the election campaign
• how regional identities and tensions could influence the federal election
• the history of Canadian attempts to expand into other markets when Americans have raised tariffs in the past

Employment and labour policies, retirement, pensions and income insecurity

is a professor in the School of Public Policy and Administration in LA&PS. His focus is on Canadian social and labour policy, including employment, and income security (unemployment insurance and pensions). A particular area of expertise is labour market policy, including the transition from school to work and the role of training and education.聽

He is available to speak on:

• employment and labour in Canada, including labour market and income security policies
• retirement and pensions
• dynamics of the upcoming federal election
• Canada-U.S. relations

Energy, environment and climate change: policy and Canada-U.S. relations

is a professor in the Faculty of Environmental and Urban Change, co-chair of the Faculty's Sustainable Energy Initiative, and coordinator of the Joint Master of Environmental Studies/Juris Doctor program offered in conjunction with Osgoode Hall Law School. He has published articles, book chapters and reports on a range of topics from climate change and environment to energy law and policy in Canada and North America. He is a co-editor of the book . He has taught U.S. Government and Politics in the past, and is currently co-editing a volume on carbon federalism in Canada, the U.S., Australia and the European Union.

Key areas of expertise:

• energy and climate change policy
• environment and natural resources policy
• critical minerals and impact assessment
• Canada-U.S. energy trade and relations
• electricity, nuclear energy and Ontario politics

Patriotism and immigration, and changes in U.S. policy

is an assistant professor in the Department of Equity Studies in LA&PS and the director of the Centre for Refugee Studies at 91亚色. Su is a specialist in forced migration, climate change-induced displacement and queer migration. She has worked extensively with vulnerable communities in Southeast Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean, including refugees, asylum seekers, undocumented migrants, trans sex workers, indigenous communities, and 2SLGBTQIA+ folks. She has published 26 peer-reviewed works in journals like Third World Quarterly, Journal of Gender Studies, and International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction as well as more than 40 opinion pieces, newspaper articles and academic blogs in The Washington Post, The Conversation, and The National Observer.

Su is available to comment on:

• Canadian patriotism and immigration issues
• the Canada-U.S. border
• immigration, temporary migration and refugees
• politics related to international students, and the issues facing them
• changes in U.S. policy, including mass deportations

Border security and surveillance, and migration

is a lawyer and anthropologist specializing in border technologies. She is the associate director of the Refugee Law Lab at 91亚色 and is a faculty associate at Harvard鈥檚 Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society. She is the author of , which was a finalist for the 2024 Governor General鈥檚 Literary Awards in Nonfiction.

Molnar is available for interviews in both English and French. She can comment on:

• border security and surveillance
• the role of private companies
• migration issues in general

For experts available to comment on trade, tariffs and the economy, see: /news/2025/03/13/york-experts-trump-tariffs-trade-agreements/

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Insights into the impact on labour and supply chains, corporate governance, and more

91亚色 experts on tariffs and free trade are available to speak on all aspects of the trade war, including the history of trade negotiations, the evolution of global supply chains, the threat of recession, the effects of tariffs on consumer behaviour and more.

Canada-U.S. free trade negotiations

, associate professor of economics, was indirectly involved in the original Canada-U.S. free trade negotiations. An expert on international trade agreements, Lazar wrote a book on the Tokyo Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (the GATT), , in the early 1980s.

Lazar can provide historical context for why Canada originally pursued a free trade deal with the U.S., the negotiation strategies involved in brokering it, as well as the U.S. Constitution, which makes domestic legislation supreme to any international agreements where there might be a conflict, as is the case today. He is available to speak on tariffs, the economic impact the trade war could have on Canada鈥檚 economy, and the threat of recession.

Corporate governance, ethics and government aid packages

, professor in the School of Administrative Studies, is an expert in corporate governance and ethics. An award-winning educator, lawyer, consultant and author, he has guided leaders of organizations through his teaching, writing and direct consultation. Leblanc鈥檚 commentary is grounded in his extensive research and work with boards of directors and the training and development of leaders and managers.

Leblanc is available to comment on:

• Ontario Premier Doug Ford鈥檚 toolbox of potential targeted reciprocal tariffs against U.S. industries and businesses
• the possibility of aid packages by the Government of Ontario to businesses and workers, and conditions those packages should contain
• certainty of planning by Ontario businesses
• considerations for boards of directors of Ontario-based companies when responding to imposed U.S. tariffs

History of Canada-U.S. trade relations

is the Avie Bennett Historica Chair in Canadian History and a member of the history department at 91亚色. He is a specialist in Canadian political history (20th to 21st centuries). He has published numerous articles and book chapters on public policy, moral and social regulation, the wine industry in Ontario and language rights.

Martel is available to speak on tariffs and free trade, including their history, the 1879 National Policy and Canada-U.S. relations.

International business, supply chains and the auto industry

is a professor emeritus of economics and international business at the Schulich School of Business. He is engaged in research dealing with the rapid changes in manufacturing, especially in the motor vehicle industry. His areas of expertise include globalization, international business, and strategic alliances.

Wolf is available to speak on:

• trade agreements and tariffs
• international investment and business
• economic and financial crises
• evolution of global supply chains
• U.S. President Donald Trump鈥檚 reversal of Biden鈥檚 electric vehicle (EV) mandate
• Transport Canada pausing the federal EV incentive program

Consumer behaviour and marketing

, professor of marketing at Schulich, researches how markets dynamically shape human behaviour, often in the context of new technologies. He is the area editor of the Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, member of the editorial review boards for Consumption, Markets and Culture; Journal of Consumer Psychology; and Marketing Letters. Previously, he was editor of the Journal of Consumer Research, and an associate editor for the Journal of Marketing.

Giesler is available to comment on what consumers can do in light of the new tariffs, the buy Canadian movements, efforts to support local and domestic businesses, and why it is not equally possible for all consumers.

Impact on workers and union response

, associate professor of geography, is an expert in the geography of work, workers, workplaces and organized labour. His current research studies the use of strategic research as part of labour union renewal, the role of unions in urban economic development,  labour market adjustment in tourism related sectors in response to crises and climate change, and the impact of growing populism on organized labour. His research aims to better understand how workers through collective action can shape economic landscapes in ways that are more socially just and environmentally sustainable.

Tufts can comment on:聽

• the impact of tariffs on work and workers
• responses by unions to the tariffs

Globalization and the effects of populism

Daniel Drache, professor emeritus and senior scholar in the department of politics at 91亚色 and research fellow at the Robarts Centre for Canadian Studies, focuses on understanding the changing character of the globalization narrative in its economic, social and cultural dimensions. His areas of research include North American integration and the evolving role of borders as policy levers post-NAFTA, tariffs, the WTO and more. He wrote the book , explaining how and why global populism has taken root, along with co-author Mar Froese. They鈥檝e also written numerous pieces in , mapping and tracking populism in different contexts and national settings.

Drache is available to speak on:

• the international political economy and its institutions, including the WTO
• global inequality and development
• counter-publics
• NAFTA, free trade and tariffs
• economic integration and social movements

The role of the European Union

, professor of public policy and sustainability at Schulich and director of the BBA/iBBA programs, is an expert on public policy, business-government relations, and corporate social responsibility. His research examines how transnational governance arrangements address cross-border policy challenges, particularly the setting of social and environmental standards for production in global value chains. He鈥檚 investigated how national governments and businesses in Argentina, Brazil and Canada engaged with global voluntary sustainability standards in the soybean and mining sectors. His interest lies in whether novel types of transnational governance involving cross-sector collaboration can improve business conduct and how comparative public policy seeks to explain why jurisdictions differ in their policy responses when faced with similar problems or crises. His work primarily addresses the energy and environment sectors with a focus on Canada and the European Union.

Eberlein is available to comment on the role of the EU in the trade war, Canada鈥檚 potential for diversification into Europe and forging a stronger alliance with Europe in general.

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Ontarians are heading to the polls today after a quick but heated campaign triggered by Premier Doug Ford鈥檚 call for a snap election. With tensions rising over U.S. tariffs, Ford is seeking a strong mandate to take on President Donald Trump. While trade and the economy have been front and center, the newly led NDP and Liberals have been bringing focus back to traditional issues like health care.

91亚色 experts are available to weigh in on the election results and key issues:

Professor of Political Science and Chair of the Department of Politics is available to comment on election results from the perspective of voters, party strategies, party branding, voter responses, election administration, and electoral strategy. His research has focused on issues of democratization and democratic reform in Western countries. In 2007 he published The Politics of Voting: Reforming Canada鈥檚 Electoral System, in 2009 co-edited British Columbia Politics and Government, and in 2013 published Wrestling with Democracy: Voting Systems as Politics in the Twentieth Century West.

Pilon has acted as a consultant on election issues for legal firms, political parties, trade unions, community groups, and the Auditor General of Canada. He is a member of the National Advisory Board of Fair Vote Canada, a citizens鈥� group focused on gaining more proportional methods of voting for Canadian elections, and sits on the editorial board of Canadian Dimension magazine.

, associate Professor at 91亚色鈥檚 School of Public Policy and Administration, is available to comment on election results. Spicer serves as head of New College and is a faculty affiliate with the City Institute and the Robarts Centre for Canadian Studies. Outside of 91亚色, Spicer is a member of the Digital Mobilities Lab, an associate at the University of Toronto鈥檚 Innovation Policy Lab, a member of the Laboratory on Local Elections, a member of the study team for the Electronic Elections Project, and an affiliate member of the Laurier Institute for the Study of Public Opinion and Policy at Wilfrid Laurier University. He has served as a consultant or advisor to dozens of governments and professional associations across Canada, including working as a senior policy advisor for the province of Ontario with both the Ministry of Transportation and the Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing.

Professor in the School of Administrative Studies is available to comment on what the election means for Premier Doug Ford鈥檚 mandate, and the certainty of planning by Ontario businesses. He can also comment on Ford鈥檚 toolbox of potential targeted reciprocal tariffs against U.S. industries and businesses as well as the possibility of aid packages by the Government of Ontario to businesses and workers, pending U.S. tariffs, and conditions those packages should have. He can also speak to considerations for Ontario-based boards of directors of companies when responding to imposed U.S. tariffs.

An expert in corporate governance and ethics, Leblanc鈥檚 commentary is grounded in his extensive research and work with boards of directors and the training and development of leaders and managers.  An award-winning educator, lawyer, consultant and author, he has guided leaders of organizations through his teaching, writing and direct consultation.

, associate professor of economics, was indirectly involved in the original Canada-U.S. free trade negotiations. He is available to speak on tariffs, the economic impact a trade war could have on Canada鈥檚 economy, and the threat of recession. An expert on international trade agreements, Lazar wrote a book on the Tokyo Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (the GATT), The New Protectionism: Non-Tariff Barriers and Their Effects on Canada, in the early 1980s. He can provide context for why Canada pursued a free trade deal with the U.S. in the first place, the negotiation strategies involved in brokering it, as well as the U.S. Constitution, which makes domestic legislation supreme to any international agreements where there might be a conflict, as is the case today.

, distinguished research professor in Sociology and fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, is available to comment on the key issue of health care in the election. Armstrong held a ten-year聽 Canadian Health Services Research Foundation (CHSRF)/Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) chair in Health Services and Nursing Research and chaired Women and Health Care Reform, a group funded for over a decade by Health Canada. She was principal investigator of a ten-year study 鈥淩eimagining Long-term Residential Care: An International Study of Promising Practices.鈥� Focusing on the fields of social policy, of women, work and health and social services, she has published widely, authoring or co-authoring such books as The Labour Force Crisis in Long-Term Care (2024), Care Homes in a Turbulent Era: Do They Have a Future? (2023), Unpaid Care in Nursing Homes: Flexible Boundaries (2023), The Privatization of Care: The Case of Nursing Homes (2020) and many others.

Distinguished Research Professor in the Faculty of Environmental and Urban Change is a political scientist working on local, urban and regional politics, with a focus on urban geography and urban studies. He is a founding director of 91亚色鈥檚 City Institute (CITY), former 91亚色 research chair in Global Sub/Urban Studies, and presently a fellow of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) in their program Humanity鈥檚 Urban Future.

Keil鈥檚 research areas are urban political ecology, cities and infectious disease and global suburbanization. He led the large international project on 鈥淕lobal Suburbanisms: Governance, Land and Infrastructure in the 21st Century.鈥� Recently, he published a comprehensive collection of core texts by key contributors to the field of urban political ecology, Turning Up the Heat: Urban Political Ecology for a Climate Emergency. Keil is available to comment on urban infrastructure, transportation (including the Highway 401 tunnel expressway), the Greenbelt, planning processes, and municipal-provincial relations.

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Professor Dennis Pilon weighs in on the sudden resignation of Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland who clashed with Prime Minister Justin Trudeau over the appropriate response to stiff tariffs threatened by President Donald Trump. The crisis has prompted questions over the appropriate diplomatic response for Canada and other countries bracing for a second Trump term. " The more he gets, the more he wants. He doesn鈥檛 respect people who give into him, he only respects absolutely loyal followers," Pilon tells The Guardian.

Professor Mark Winfield writes about Canada's response to Donald Trump's threat to impose 25 per cent tariffs on Canadian and Mexican exports to the U.S. in an op-ed for The Conversation. "," writes Winfield. "Canada's premiers would be smarter to focus on engaging with their sub-national counterparts in neighbouring states rather than conducting their own freelance diplomacy."

In an op-ed for The Globe and Mail, Professor Michael Barutciski writes about why Canada should look at closing a loophole in its border agreement with the U.S. that could be incentivizing illegal migration. Barutciski says the inclusion of the 14-day rule (or loophole) in the amended Safe Third Country Agreement (STCA) is an example of Ottawa鈥檚 tendency to favour laxness and administrative expediency. "," writes Barutciski.

Associate Director of the Refugee Law Lab Petra Molnar comments on Canada and the U.S. turning to technology to keep migrants out. Canada will soon boost investments in drones, sensors, and other tech, including its own surveillance towers. Advocates and experts say the deployment of new technologies risks endangering migrants. "... where Canada perhaps feels like it has to acquiesce to what the United States is asking for," Molnar tells CBC. She says the technology being deployed on borders dehumanizes people who are trying to cross the border as well as posing privacy concerns about data collection for those who live or travel near borders.

Professor Palma Paciocco talks to CTV News about legal delays making it increasingly difficult for people to have their day in court. Judicial and court staff vacancies, limited courtroom space and increasingly complicated legal processes all contribute to delays in the justice system. "," says Paciocco.

Professor David Doorey weighs in on the federal government directing the Canadian Industrial Relations Board to order Canada Post workers back to their jobs and to extend their existing collective agreement until May of 2025. Doorey says that the degree of power that a union holds might have determined the speed of government intervention in a strike. "," says Doorey, speaking to The Globe and Mail.

Professor Sapna Sharma talks to CBC about cities losing weeks' worth of winter ski, skate, and snow days each year due to climate change. In Canada, some cities and regions have lost more than two weeks of winter weather. Sharma's research has found that, leading to problems such as toxic algae blooms that follow in the summer.

Professor Zac Spicer comments on eastern Ontario mayors pointing out that recent provincial funding to help cover policing costs has left municipalities with their own police forces searching for financial support. The year-over-year increase in OPP billing was between 20 and 30 per cent and, in response, the provincial government announced $77 million to ease policing costs in those communities. , and they don't have any provincial support to show for it.

Professor Vijay Setlur talks to Global News about the owners of the Vancouver Whitecaps FC announcing that they have started the process to sell the club. This has left local soccer fans that just celebrated its 50th anniversary.

Professor Emeritus Paul Delaney weighs in on the Geminid meteor shower that peaked Friday night, bringing bright shooting star-like streaks to the sky in one of the best displays of the year. Delaney says the debris ranged from the size of a grain of sand to the size of a basketball. " with this material hitting the Earth's atmosphere and disintegrating," Delaney tells Toronto Star.

Recent research by Professor Ela Veresiu and co-authors reveals a complex moral landscape underlying everyday consumption practices. They discovered that people often unknowingly hold different meanings for concepts central to their consumption such as "self" and "care," reports Florida State University News. The study identified four primary strategies consumers use to justify their self-care choices: .

Do you have a new research study or an academic achievement to share? Contact media@yorku.ca with details. For daily 91亚色 in the News highlights, follow on X.

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Canada鈥檚 trade and economic policies have been thrown into a state of chaos in the weeks following United States President-elect Donald Trump鈥檚 on Canadian and Mexican exports to the U.S.

The federal government is now suffering an internal crisis with of Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland. Canada鈥檚 provincial premiers, led by Ontario鈥檚 Doug Ford, have responded by emerging from a recent meeting asserting their in terms of trade and foreign policy.

Unfortunately, the provinces are too fragmented and divided among themselves to provide effective and co-ordinated responses to Trump without federal leadership.

This point was highlighted by Ford鈥檚 efforts to present a united front on behalf of his fellow provincial leaders. He found himself promptly when he threatened to cut off energy exports to the U.S. if the Trump administration followed through on its tariff threats.

Improvised and contradictory responses will do nothing but encourage Trump to continue to engage in these sorts of threats and behaviours. That point has been by members of Trump鈥檚 previous administration.

Canada now needs to use its substantial negotiating assets against Trump given his threat represents a of the United States-Mexico-Canada (USMCA) trade deal and previous trade agreements between the U.S. and Canada.

These accords were designed, from Canada鈥檚 perspective, to prevent the U.S. from engaging in precisely the sort of unilateral trade action that Trump is now threatening.

Canada鈥檚 energy advantage

Central to that understanding had been the concept that Canada would guarantee the U.S. access to its energy resources. In exchange, the Americans consented to a formal and binding dispute resolution mechanism when trade disputes arise, and agreed not to engage in unilateral trade actions.

Because to the U.S., this provides an obvious leverage point.

Canada鈥檚 position in this regard has actually been reinforced by the previous Trump administration鈥檚 actions. The original 1988 and the 1994 (NAFTA) contained provisions guaranteeing American access to Canadian energy on an equal basis with Canadian consumers.

Trump agreed to remove these provisions from the USMCA. This has handed Canada an important energy bargaining chip in dealing with a second Trump presidency.

Where Ford was right 鈥� and wrong

Ford may have had the right idea in on Canadian energy exports to the U.S. in retaliation for Trump鈥檚 tariffs. But he was too direct in his approach, and his suggestion of outright export bans was by his fellow premiers.

Ford鈥檚 idea was even impractical for his own province. Ontario鈥檚 electricity exports to the U.S. are relatively modest and essentially transactional. Trade with neighbouring states and provinces is necessary for the management of Ontario鈥檚 own electricity grid.

Specifically, there are times when Ontario electricity, sometimes at 鈥渘egative鈥� prices, meaning the province has to pay its neighbours to take electricity off its hands. This has been the case especially when the output from Ontario鈥檚 inflexible nuclear power plants exceeds the province鈥檚 grid demand and needs somewhere to go.

That said, because Trump鈥檚 threats violate the foundations that have defined the Canada-U.S. trade over the past four decades, a response in the area of energy would be justified and strategic.

But rather than imposing direct export restrictions on Canada energy exports, a smarter approach could involve the threat of on Canadian exports of energy and other resources to the U.S. Such charges would significantly increase energy and other costs for Americans.

An export charge could be applied directly by the federal government. That would bypass the objections of provincial premiers and impose some unity on Canada鈥檚 approach.

Engaging American states

Canada鈥檚 premiers would be smarter to focus on engaging with their sub-national counterparts in neighbouring states rather than conducting their own freelance diplomacy.

In particular, they should encourage the governors of Great Lakes states to emphasize to the incoming administration and congressional representatives the extent to which Trump鈥檚 proposed tariffs would do as much harm to their economies as they would to Canada鈥檚.

Ford is particularly well-positioned to engage in this sort of province-to-state diplomacy. The level of integration between Ontario鈥檚 vehicle manufacturing sector and the manufacturing economies of the now states around the Great Lakes mean that Trump鈥檚 tariffs would be enormously disruptive to their economies as well.

At the national level, Canada needs to recognize that the assumptions that have underpinned the Canada-U.S. trade relationship for the past 40 years are in the .

If Canada is to avoid simply offering itself up as a fragmented and compliant American resource colony, it needs to formulate a strategy that leverages its assets, particularly energy.

Canada also needs to strengthen . Whether Canada鈥檚 federal and provincial leaders are up to these tasks remains an open question.

Mark Winfield is a professor in the Faculty of Environmental and Urban Change, 91亚色

This article is republished from . 

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