The study by principal researcher Tara Haas of 91亚色鈥檚 School of Kinesiology & Health Science and Muscle Health Research Centre in the Faculty of Health in collaboration with 91亚色 kinesiology Professor Michael Riddell was published online in the peer-reviewed journal in October.

Tara Haas

鈥淐ortisol is a steroid hormone normally present in our body in small amounts, but a continuous increase in cortisol levels is linked with the development of obesity and Type 2 diabetes,鈥� says Haas.聽 The research by her team looked at the effects of sustained increases in the levels of the stress hormone corticosterone (the form of cortisol found in rodents) on the smallest blood vessels, capillaries, within skeletal muscles.

What they found, says Haas, 鈥渨as a substantial reduction, by 30 per cent, in the number of capillaries within the muscle.鈥� As capillaries bring oxygen and nutrients to the muscle cells, this reduction could have significant consequences for muscle function and perhaps even blood sugar disposal.

鈥淭丑颈蝉 is important as a reduction in the number of capillaries could influence the ability of a person to be active, which could cause their condition to worsen,鈥� says Haas. The finding may help to explain why people with Type 2 diabetes have difficulty growing new capillaries in other tissues, such as the heart.

Michael Riddell

The researchers then took a closer look at the mechanisms involved in the reduced capillary growth by using cultured endothelial cells 鈥� those cells that form capillaries 鈥� chronically treated with the stress hormone. They found that corticosterone repressed several major intracellular signal pathways involved in controlling cell proliferation and migration, which likely contributes to the lack of capillary growth.

鈥淭丑颈蝉 research is significant because it highlights that a chronic elevation of stress hormone can have significant negative consequences to the small blood vessels within skeletal muscle that are in charge of providing much needed oxygen and nutrients,鈥� says Haas. 鈥淚t also points the way to identifying how cortisol, through its effects on blocking appropriate blood vessel growth, may contribute to cardiovascular complications of diabetes or obesity.鈥�

Skeletal muscle endothelial cells in culture

Haas says the findings warrant further research to determine if treatment with synthetic steroid hormones carries similar risks. The capillaries in the skeletal muscles studied were affected using a low, but continuous exposure, to the stress hormone. The amount of synthetic steroid hormones, such as hydrocortisone, people are usually prescribed to block inflammation in the body, can be 25 times higher than the amount used in the study.

Haas is a member of the newly formed Angiogenesis Research Group, which investigates the adaptation of the skeletal muscle capillary network to physiological and pathological conditions.聽 The research was supported by the Natural Sciences & Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grants to Haas and Riddell, as well as awards to 91亚色 students, including Eric A. Shikatani, who was the recipient of a Heart & Stroke Foundation of Ontario Master鈥檚 Studentship Award. In addition, student Anastassia Trifonova was the recipient of a NSERC CGSM graduate scholarship, and Anna Krylova and Andrei Szigiato were recipients of NSERC Undergraduate Student Research awards.

By Sandra McLean, YFile deputy editor

Republished courtesy of YFile鈥� 91亚色鈥檚 daily e-bulletin to research stories on the research website.

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Established and emerging artists in 91亚色鈥檚 Faculty of Fine Arts bring their collective talents to a riveting new production of a baroque classic: Henry Purcell鈥檚 opera Dido and Aeneas. This epic story of love and betrayal plays out at the Sandra Faire聽& Ivan Fecan Theatre on 91亚色鈥檚 Keele campus for two performances only, March 1 and 2.

Lead artists Joseph Farahat and Charlotte Gagnon

Based on a chapter from The Aeneid, penned by the Roman poet Virgil in the first century BC, Dido and Aeneas recounts the tragic tale of Dido, Queen of Carthage, and the Trojan hero Aeneas. Dido loses her heart to the fierce, handsome warrior Aeneas after he is shipwrecked on her shores, only to be devastated when he abandons her to continue his quest to find Rome.

This story of doomed love has resounded through two millennia. 91亚色鈥檚 production, a collaboration between faculty and students from the departments of Music, Theatre and Dance, is a strikingly contemporary but timeless re-imagining. Thirty performers play the characters as well as the place, forming a living set on an otherwise empty stage.

鈥淭丑颈蝉 Dido project is the realization of a dream I鈥檝e had since I joined 91亚色,鈥� said Professor Catherine Robbin (left), who heads聽91亚色鈥檚 classical vocal music program. 鈥淭here鈥檚 so much talent and expertise in our performance programs, and it鈥檚 a joy to bring it together in an opera production. The experience of combining our creative energies is tremendously exciting and rewarding, both for the students involved and for those of us who teach and work professionally in the field.鈥�

An internationally renowned mezzo soprano, Robbin fills the dual roles of music director and producer for the production. She is no stranger to Dido and Aeneas, having sung the title role in the 1982 Stratford Festival production, which earned her critical accolades as聽 鈥渁 voice which is unquestionably the greatest, in its range, that Canada has produced in several decades鈥� (The Globe and Mail). Her discography features many baroque composers, including Purcell, Handel and Vivaldi, in collaborations with leading conductors such as Christopher Hogwood, Trevor Pinnock and John Eliot Gardiner.

Presiding over the orchestra pit for 91亚色鈥檚 Dido and Aeneas is Robbin鈥檚 Music Department colleague, award-winning choral conductor and composer Professor Stephanie Martin (above). Martin, who serves as music director for the historic Church of St. Mary Magdalene and conductor of Toronto鈥檚 Pax Christi Chorale, directs the 16- member 91亚色 Baroque Ensemble.

The stage director is theatre Professor Gwen Dobie (left), who brings extensive directing credits in contemporary opera and theatre to the table. Dobie鈥榮聽most recent productions include 翱辫别谤补听贰谤辞迟颈辩耻别 and Sound in Silence for her company, Out of the Box Productions; the Canadian premiere of the Danish opera On this Planet by Anders Nordendoft; and the world premiere of the opera Eyes on the Mountain by Canadian composer Christopher Donison.

Susan Lee (BFA 鈥�90, MFA 鈥�10), an alumna and current faculty member in 91亚色鈥檚 Department of Dance, brings her long-standing interest in interdisciplinary collaboration to Dido and Aeneas. In a performance career spanning two decades and three continents, Lee has originated roles in almost 50 world premieres by some of Canada鈥檚 most highly acclaimed choreographers. Her own choreography has been described as 鈥溾�� a tour de force of magic and mystery鈥� (The Globe and Mail). She brings that magic to bear on this production, contributing original choreography to the work.

Starring in the role of Dido is fourth-year music major Charlotte Gagnon. Gagnon recently won first prize at the Newmarket Voice Festival Senior Scholarship Competition, as well as two awards for opera performance and the prize for outstanding performing ability and career potential in classical singing. She also placed second in her class at the 2011 National Association of Teachers of Singing Ontario chapter competition.

First-year music student Joseph Farahat sings the role of Aeneas. Both young artists are studying with eminent soprano Norma Burrowes in 91亚色鈥檚 classical vocal performance program.

In total, the cast for Dido and Aeneas features 21 singers, four actors and five dancers. Not only performers, they also play an active role on the production side. Dressed all in white, they have designed their own costumes based on their personae in Purcell鈥檚 opera 鈥� or 聽in the case of the non-speaking roles, inspired by characters drawn from the classical literature of five centuries, who were betrayed or betrayers in their time.

Eschewing a physical set, Professor Elizabeth Asselstine, chair of the Department of Theatre, and Professor William Mackwood, who teaches design and production in the Department of Dance, have created elaborate lighting and projection designs for the show. Working with a technical team of four theatre students, they paint the white-costumed canvas of the performers with evocative colour and special effects.

Tickets聽are $17, or $12 for students and seniors.聽For tickets, contact the Box Office at 416-736-5888.

Republished courtesy of YFile鈥� 91亚色鈥檚 daily e-bulletin.

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