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Professor Carl James on breaking the cycle of violence in Toronto's Flemingdon Park neighbourhood

The slayings in Flemingdon Park this summer have brought a shadow of violence back to a community where, on the surface, it appeared to have lifted, :

Flemingdon Park is one of Toronto鈥檚 鈥減riority鈥 areas. Census data from 2001 showed that 71 per cent of the 22,000 residents were immigrants, and 34 per cent lived below the poverty line. The average family lived on less than $45,000 a year.

. . .

Since 2009, the city has spent $1.5-million to create parks and playgrounds in the neighbourhood. But right now, Flemingdon doesn鈥檛 have a bank and its only grocery store is scheduled to open in the fall.

. . .

To help with safety concerns, Toronto Community Housing installed 120 security cameras in Flemingdon Park in 2006, at a cost of close to $1 million. Many cameras have been vandalized, rendering 22 inoperable.

None of these initiatives are likely to break the cycle of violence, according to , a sociology professor in 91亚色鈥檚 and director of the 91亚色 Centre for Education & Community. The way to get through to Flemingdon鈥檚 most vulnerableits youthis to provide them with opportunities and hope, including better access to education and jobs.

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