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| Amazon Web Services Glacier | Amazon Web Services S3 | Borealis, 91亚色 U Dataverse | Compute Canada | Dropbox | Dryad | Figshare | FRDR | GitHub Enterprise | Google Drive | Humanities Commons CORE Repository | IEEE Dataport | OneDrive | Open Science Framework | Sharepoint | 91亚色Space | YU Archive Disk | YU Capacity Disk | YU High Performance Disk | Zenodo | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk Level of Data | Public | Public | Public | Public | Public | Restricted (non-PCI, non-PHI), Internal, Public | Internal, Public | Public | Public | Internal, Public | Public | Restricted, Internal | Public | Restricted, Protected, Internal | Restricted, Protected, Internal | Restricted, Protected, Internal | Public | |||
| Data storage type | Active research, Backup, Preservation | Active research, Backup, Preservation | Backup (for after-project data sharing, see column P), Open data sharing, Preservation (see column G) | Active reseach, Backup | Backup (for after-project data sharing, see column P), Open data sharing, Preservation (see column G) | Backup (for after-project data sharing, see column O), Open data sharing, Preservation (see column P) | Backup (for after-project data sharing, see column P), Open data sharing, Preservation (see column G) | Cloud-based code repository and version-control service. GitHub is not intended to function as general file storage. | Active reseach, Backup | Backup (for after-project data sharing, see column P), Open data sharing, Preservation (see column G) | Backup (for after-project data sharing, see column P), Open data sharing, Preservation (see column G) | Active research, Backup | Active research (Open data access and Restricted data access), Backup (for active research, see column P) | Active research, Backup, Preservation | Open data sharing, Preservation | Backup, Preservation | Active reseach, Backup | Active research | Backup (for after-project data sharing, see column P), Open data sharing, Preservation (see column G) | |
| Collaboration wiht others | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | 91亚色U employees | Other 91亚色U researchers | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | Other 91亚色U researchers | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | Other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | Other 91亚色U researchers | Other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U | Other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U | other 91亚色U researchers, external researchers to 91亚色U, Public | |
| How much data storage | Under 100 GB, 100 GB to 1 TB, 1 to 5 TB, Over 5 TB | Under 100 GB, 100 GB to 1 TB, 1 to 5 TB, Over 5 TB | Under 100 GB (case by case decision) | Under 100 GB, 100 GB to 1 TB, 1 to 5 TB, Over 5 TB | Up to 300GB per publication | Under 100 GB (for free Figshare users up to 20 GB), 100 GB to 1 TB (for paid Figshare+ users), 1 to 5 TB (for paid Figshare+ users), Over 5 TB (for paid Figshare+ users) | Under 100 GB, 100 GB to 1 TB, 1 to 5 TB (based on request), Over 5 TB (based on request) | Repository storage is not defined as a general quota. Repositories should remain small; under 1 GB is recommended and under 5 GB is required. | Under 100 GB | Under 100 GB | Up to 2TB per dataset, 10TB with an institutional subscription | Under 100 GB,100 GB to 1 TB | Under 100 GB (if using OSF storage: up to 5GB for private projects and up to 50 GB for public projects), 100 GB to 1 TB (if using add-on storage), 1 to 5 TB (if using add-on storage), Over 5 TB (if using add-on storage) | Under 100 GB, 100 GB to 1 TB, 1 to 5 TB, Over 5 TB | Under 100 GB | Under 100 GB, 100 GB to 1 TB, 1 to 5 TB, Over 5 TB | Under 100 GB, 100 GB to 1 TB, 1 to 5 TB, Over 5 TB | Under 100 GB, 100 GB to 1 TB, 1 to 5 TB, Over 5 TB | Under 100 GB (up to 50 GB per dataset, but no limit for the number of total datasets), 100 GB to 1 TB (based on request and encourage donation), 1 to 5 TB (based on request and encourage donation), Over 5 TB (based on request and encourage donation) | |
| Individual file size limit | 5 TB | 5 TB | 5 GB | 2TB | 10GB per dataset | 5 GB | none | Standard Git files: GitHub warns at 50 MiB and blocks files over 100 MiB. | 50GB | 100MB per file, more upon request | 2TB | 250 GB | 5 GB for OSF Storage | 250 GB | 16 TB | 16 TB | 16 TB | 50GB per dataset | ||
| Preservation | Depends on budget | Depends on budget | https://borealisdata.ca/preservationplan/ | https://datadryad.org/stash/terms#preservation | https://help.figshare.com/article/how-persistent-is-my-research | https://www.frdr-dfdr.ca/policies/en/preservation/ | GitHub preserves repository history through Git version control, including commits, branches, pull requests, and archived repositories. It should not be treated as an institutional records preservation system unless paired with 91亚色's approved retention/archival practices. | Depends on budget | See "No Warranties and Disclaimer of Liability" clause here: https://sustaining.hcommons.org/policies/terms/ | https://ieee-dataport.org/terms-service | Depends on budget | https://help.osf.io/article/546-getting-started-faq-s | Depends on budget | https://www.library.yorku.ca/web/about-us/library-policies/digital-preservation-policy/ | Depends on budget | 1 Year of inactivity then moved to Archive storage | 1 Year of inactivity then moved to Archive storage | https://about.zenodo.org/policies/ | ||
| Support managed access | for active research, for after-project data sharing | for active research, for after-project data sharing | Support managed access (for after-project data sharing and anonymous/anonymized data (with permission)) | for active research, for after-project data sharing | Support managed access (for after-project data sharing and anonymous/anonymized data (with permission)) | Support managed access (for after-project data sharing and anonymous/anonymized data (with permission)) | FRDR allows embargoes of up to one year (for after-project data sharing and anonymous/anonymized data (with permission)) | Yes. Access can be managed through GitHub Enterprise organizations, repository permissions, teams, private repositories, branch protection, pull request review workflows, and enterprise/organization security settings. Pull requests support review and discussion before code changes are merged. | for active research, for after-project data sharing | Support managed access (for after-project data sharing and anonymous/anonymized data (with permission)) | Support managed access (for after-project data sharing and anonymous/anonymized data (with permission)) | For active research | Support managed access (for active research) | for active research, for after-project data sharing | for after-project data sharing | for active research, for after-project data sharing | For active research | For active research | Support managed access (for after-project data sharing and anonymous/anonymized data (with permission)) | |
| Description | Amazon Glacier is a secure, durable, and extremely low-cost cloud storage service for data archiving and long-term backup. Amazon Glacier provides three options for access to archives, from a few minutes to several hours | Amazon S3 is easy to use object storage, with a simple web service interface to store and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web. Pay only for the storage you actually use, with no minimum fee and no setup cost. Amazon S3 offers a range of storage classes designed for different use cases, and configurable policies for managing your data throughout its lifecycle. | The 91亚色 Dataverse, 91亚色 research data repository, is a member of Borealis: The Canadian Dataverse Repository, available to all 91亚色 researchers needing to deposit data with the institution. | Cloud storage for individual use or sharing with specific individuals. | not-for-profit membership organization that provides open repository for all scholarship for researchers from all disciplines. Original received funding from the US National Science Foundation for research in ecology and evolutionary biology | Figshare is part of Digital Science & Research Solutions Ltd. and it is a free, open, and self-deposit data publishing platform for all researchers. The Figshare+ repository supports sharing of larger datasets. 91亚色 does not have a institutional version of Figshare. | The Federated Research Data Repository (FRDR) is a bilingual publishing platform for sharing and preserving Canadian research data. It is a curated, general-purpose repository, custom built for large datasets. | GitHub is a cloud-based version control and collaboration platform used in software development, research, and teaching. All 91亚色 faculty and staff get automatic access through 91亚色's GitHub Enterprise, where you can store code, track changes, collaborate on projects, and contribute to 91亚色's developer communities. | Cloud storage for individual use or sharing with specific individuals. Primary user is undergrad students | A free, open access, open source, and non-profit network initiated by the Modern Language Association and maintained by the Michigan State University, and features an open access interdisciplinary repository, the Commons Open Repository Exchange (CORE), developed in partnership with Columbia University | Run by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) to offer free non-open access dataset or low-cost open access dataset to the engineering and technology community (open repository with free and fee-based options for datasets) | OneDrive is a cloud storage service provided by Microsoft that allows users to store, sync, and share files across devices. It integrates with other Microsoft services, such as Office 365, and offers features such as real-time collaboration, file versioning, and automatic backup. OneDrive is available on multiple platforms, including Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android, making it easy to access your files from anywhere. With OneDrive, you can keep your files organized and secure, and easily share them with others.Cloud storage for individual use or sharing with specific individuals | A free, grant-funded, and cloud-based project and file management and sharing tool, for all researchers. 91亚色 does not have an institutional version of OSF. | SharePoint is a web-based collaboration and document management platform that allows users to store, organize, and share information with others. It integrates with other Microsoft services and can be used to create websites, lists, and document libraries. | 91亚色's Institutional Open Access Repository for scholarly articles | A 91亚色U-hosted storage option for infrequently accessed data | A 91亚色U-hosted storage option for standard perfomance (HDD) frequently accessed data | A 91亚色U-hosted storage option for high performance (SSD) frequently accessed data | Run from the CERN (The European Organization for Nuclear Research) data centre, Zenodo is an open repository for all scholarship (publications, data, and software) for researchers from all disciplines. | |
| Business model | Consumption based. | Consumption based. | Supported by academic libraries and research institutions across Canada | Consumption based. | community driven by institutions, publishers, funders globally | Institutional, Publisher, Funder, Government agency, and Corporate SaaS model. Also onetime data publishing charges for researchers for large datasets | FRDR is funded by the Digital Research Alliance of Canada, a national not-for-profit funded by Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada with a mandate to support Digital Research Infrastructure activities nationally. | Enterprise software-as-a-service subscription. At 91亚色, access is provided through 91亚色鈥檚 GitHub Enterprise arrangement for eligible users. GitHub Actions and Copilot licenses can be added as an additional cost charged to departments through Azure subscriptions. | 50GB Storage limits apply per user. Additional storage cost TBD | non-profit with grants from US funding programs, and sponsorships from US universities and participating organizations and non-profit scholarly societies | Run by a professional body, IEEE | M365 A1,A3 or A5 licenses. Storage limits apply per user based on license type. Additional storage cost TBD | Non-profit with direct funder support through grants, government contracts, and community memberships. | M365 A1,A3 or A5 licenses. Storage limits apply per user based on license type. Additional storage cost TBD | funded by the operating budget of 91亚色 Libraries | 91亚色U funded and charged monthly on per use | 91亚色U funded and charged monthly on per use | 91亚色U funded and charged monthly on per use | Base infrastructure by CERN, a non-profit IGO funded by the European Union. | |
| Security | Extensive control using AWS IAM | Extensive control using AWS IAM | https://borealisdata.ca/technology/ | https://help.figshare.com/article/file-backup-and-security-policy | https://www.frdr-dfdr.ca/docs/en/our_features/ | GitHub Enterprise Cloud provides enterprise security and compliance capabilities. GitHub makes compliance reports available to enterprise owners, including SOC 1 Type 2, SOC 2 Type 2, ISO/IEC 27001:2022, CSA CAIQ, CSA STAR, PCI DSS Attestation of Compliance, and continuity/incident management documentation. | https://hcommons.org/terms/ | https://ieee-dataport.org/privbay-security/ | https://yuoffice.yorku.ca/privacy-security/ | https://help.osf.io/article/547-account-and-security-faq-s#Backup | https://yuoffice.yorku.ca/privacy-security/ | 91亚色U Secure network storage (NFS/SMB) | 91亚色U Secure network storage (NFS/SMB) | 91亚色U Secure network storage (NFS/SMB) | https://zenodo.org/privbay-security/ | |||||
| Example use | Cloud storage for individual use or sharing with specific individuals | Cloud storage for individual use or sharing with specific individuals | deposit a small size replication dataset for a scholarly article | Cloud storage for individual use or sharing with specific individuals | deposit research software, data, and documents for open access and receive curation support from Dryad | self-deposit a replication data set for a scholarly article | deposit a large dataset result from a project | Hosting source code for 91亚色 applications; collaborative software development; research code repositories; teaching examples; scripts and automation; version-controlled documentation; issue tracking; pull request review; project collaboration. | Cloud storage for individual use or sharing with specific individuals | deposit research software, data, and documents, and course materials, white papers, catalogues, and digital projects (e.g., documentaries, images, photographs, performances, podcasts, syllabi, translations) | deposit a large dataset result from a project, host and administer data competitions | Cloud storage for individual use or sharing with specific individuals | share data and files during the active research | Cloud storage for sharing with a broad audience | archive pre-print or post-print scholarly articles | Use Archive Storage to store data that is accessed infrequently and requires a longer retention period | File sharing between users and computers | File sharing between users and computers | deposit research software, data, and documents for open access | |
| Cost | Less than $500/TB/Year based on current AWS pricing | up to $1000/TB/Year based on current AWS pricing | Free | Professional use $26/month | $150 USD per data submission and $50 USD for each additional 10GB over 50GB; fee waived for researchers based in countries classified by the World Bank (opens in new window) as low-income or lower-middle-income economies; fee waived for an associated journal or publisher agreement; fee waived for member institutions | Free; Figshare+ has a one time fee based on storage size for sharing larger datasets and data review. | Free | No direct cost to eligible 91亚色 faculty/staff users covered under 91亚色鈥檚 GitHub Enterprise arrangement. Additional features available for a cost as described on the service website. | TBD | Free | Free to IEEE Dataport Subscriber; $1950 USD for Open Access dataset; Free for hosting Data Competition to Competition Organizers (https://ieee-dataport.org/submit-your-data-competition)* | TBD | Free | TBD | Free | $0.075\\GB\\Month. Outdated and needs updating | $0.075\\GB\\Month. Outdated and needs updating | $0.148\\GB\\Month. Outdated and needs updating | Free | |
| Data hosting location | Canada, Global. AWS Cloud | Canada, Global. AWS Cloud | Canada, OLRC DATA CENTRES | Dropbox Cloud | US - California Digital Library\\'s Merritt Repository | Figshare is hosted on Amazon Web Services | Canada | Global | Global. Google Cloud | Hosted by Michigan University | Amazon Web Services | Canada. Microsoft Cloud | \\"United States Canada - Montr茅al Germany - Frankfurt Australia - Sydney\\" | Canada. Microsoft Cloud | Canada, YUL | Canada. 91亚色U data centers | Canada. 91亚色U data centers | Canada. 91亚色U data centers | Physically, Zenodo\\'s entire technical infrastructure is located on CERN\\'s premises | |
| File size limit | 2TB | 300GB per data publication, 10GB for individual files | 100 MiB | 250 GB | unknown | Up to 2TB per dataset, 10TB with an institutional subscription | 250 GB | 250 GB | 16 TB | 16 TB | 16 TB | |||||||||
| Backup details | https://borealisdata.ca/technology/ | https://help.figshare.com/article/file-backup-and-security-policy | https://www.frdr-dfdr.ca/docs/en/our_features/ | GitHub maintains platform-level resiliency and service continuity controls, but repository owners should not assume this replaces 91亚色-controlled backups or retention obligations. For critical code or institutional assets, define an explicit backup/export/mirroring strategy. | Data is stored on Fedora Commons servers https://fedora.lyrasis.org/about/ | https://help.osf.io/article/547-account-and-security-faq-s#Backup | All data files are stored in CERN Data Centres, primarily Geneva, with replicas in Budapest. Data files are kept in multiple replicas in a distributed file system, which is backed up to tape on a nightly basis. https://about.zenodo.org/policies/ | |||||||||||||
| Website | https://aws.amazon.com/s3/storage-classes/glacier/ | https://aws.amazon.com/s3/ | https://borealisdata.ca/dataverse/york | https://www.dropbox.com/ | https://datadryad.org/stash | https://figshare.com/ | https://www.frdr-dfdr.ca/repo/ | /uit/faculty-and-staff-services/github/ | https://drive.google.com/ | https://hcommons.org/core/ | https://ieee-dataport.org/ | https://yuoffice.yorku.ca/ | https://osf.io/ | https://yuoffice.yorku.ca/ | https://www.library.yorku.ca/web/collections/yorkspace/ | /uit/faculty-staff-services/server-data-storage/ | /uit/faculty-staff-services/server-data-storage/ | /uit/faculty-staff-services/server-data-storage/ | https://zenodo.org/ | |
| Local contact | yul_rdm@yorku.ca | USC Client Services at askit@yorku.ca | Please connect directly with the service here: https://sustaining.hcommons.org/contact/ | USC Client Services at askit@yorku.ca | USC Client Services at askit@yorku.ca | diginit@yorku.ca | USC Client Services at askit@yorku.ca | USC Client Services at askit@yorku.ca | USC Client Services at askit@yorku.ca |